Federal plans to build a steel border wall across remote stretches of West Texas are now taking shape in the Big Bend region, despite a lack of federal transparency surrounding the project. Even as officials originally confirmed that no physical border wall will be built through Big Bend National Park and Big Bend Ranch State Park, construction is advancing just west of the parks, threatening rural border communities whose economies and cultures are built on cross-border ties.
Last week, the federal government also moved to accelerate that broader buildout. U.S. Customs and Border Protection awarded a $1.7 billion contract for a “border wall in Big Bend Texas,” alongside a separate contract tied to environmental monitoring for construction activity in the region.
At the same time, the Trump administration waived dozens of environmental and cultural protection laws to fast-track new border roads, vehicle barriers, and surveillance infrastructure across parts of the Big Bend region, including protected stretches of the Rio Grande corridor. With few public details released, residents and conservation groups said the process has remained opaque, fueling uncertainty about the long-term fate of the region’s ecosystems, tourism economy, and protected public lands.
Local residents warn that the impacts will not stop at the park boundaries; increased infrastructure and nearby wall construction could still disrupt ecosystems and daily life across the region.
That concern is especially acute in Presidio, a rural border town of roughly 3,000 residents west of the parks, where federal plans for new steel barriers are still moving forward. The majority-Hispanic community faces a poverty rate approaching 40%, far above the statewide rate of about 14%, and depends heavily on cross-border economies with Ojinaga, the larger Mexican city directly across the river. For many in Presidio, the proposed wall would transform their daily lives.
Maps from US Customs and Border Control have offered few details about how construction could affect the international checkpoint, and residents say they still have little clarity about the future of border crossings.
“People are surviving here in Presidio,” said Denisse Carrera, a Presidio resident. “We depend on Mexico for a lot of our necessities. That’s where we get groceries and other things we can’t always find here because we only have one grocery store. Sometimes it’s also more affordable in Mexico. Yet they want to spend $17 million per mile on this wall, which I think is about 575% more than our city’s annual budget.”
A $1.2 billion federal contract awarded for border wall construction in Presidio County would cost an estimated $17 million per mile. The Big Bend Sector, which the Department of Homeland Security defines as a 500-mile stretch of border in Far West Texas, has long been one of the quietest regions along the border, consistently recording some of the lowest rates of migrant apprehensions and smuggling activity.
But even if the crossing remains, the wall construction alone could threaten access to Ojinaga.
Historically, floods have damaged local levees and forced closures of the international bridge connecting Presidio and Ojinaga. Residents and local officials warned that a 30-foot steel wall along the Rio Grande could worsen future floods by trapping debris and interfering with the city’s already-fragile flood-control system in a region prone to flash flooding and river surges. They said federal agencies have yet to provide adequate engineering or hydrology studies despite the area’s history of devastating floods.
In response, the city commissioned an independent flood-risk assessment and has continued pressing federal officials for answers.
“The City of Presidio is partnering with the Presidio Municipal Development District on this study because protecting the people who live here, on both sides of the river, is our job, and right now, no one else is doing it,” said Presidio Mayor John Ferguson, in a press release. “We have asked the federal agencies responsible for this levee for straight answers about what is being proposed, and we have not gotten them.”Across the broader Big Bend region, concerns about safety and environmental damage have only intensified as new border infrastructure has already begun appearing along the river.
In October 2025, the U.S. Army and Border Patrol installed miles of concertina razor wire along the Rio Grande in Presidio, underneath the international bridge, prompting criticism from locals who worry the razor wire could come loose during the river’s annual summer floods.
“I think that that wire could go downstream easily,” said Erin Little, owner of the Big Bend Boating and Hiking Company. “And I think it threatens anybody who’s in the water.”
Erin Little outside of the Big Bend Boating and Hiking Company in Terlingua, Texas. (Photo by Anya Petrone Slepyan/The Daily Yonder)
Charlie Angell, owner of Angell Expeditions and a longtime Rio Grande river guide, said the dangers could extend deep into the canyon systems of Big Bend.
“These logs that float down during flash floods are going to catch in that razor, rip out chunks of it, and keep floating downstream, going into all the canyons in the state park and all the canyons in the national park. And then anytime somebody jumps in the river to cool off, they’re gonna get slashed,” Angell said. “It’s not a matter of if, but when.”
To many residents, the militarization of the river feels disconnected from the reality of life in the Big Bend.
“Razor wire is for war zones, and this is one of the most peaceful places I’ve ever set foot in,” said Tony Drewry, a Rio Grande River guide with Angell Expeditions.
Kayaks outside of the Big Bend Boating and Hiking Company in Terlingua, Texas. (Photo by Anya Petrone Slepyan/The Daily Yonder)
Beyond environmental concerns, residents also fear the wall could undermine Presidio’s delicate but growing tourism economy.
In October 2024, Presidio resident Yosdy Valdivia opened an art gallery, Galería Raíces, hoping to contribute to her community’s growing tourism industry. Now, she worries the wall could undermine those efforts before they fully begin.
“I’m barely getting started with this dream of mine, and this [wall] would kill tourism. This will kill the town,” Valdivia said. “So I just don’t know how they’re not really taking the business and wildlife and all that into consideration.”
Like many residents in Presidio, Valdivia’s personal life is deeply intertwined with Ojinaga.
Yosdy Valdivia at Galería Raíces in Presidio, Texas. (Photo by Anya Petrone Slepyan/The Daily Yonder)
“[The border] is my everyday life. I go to Ojinaga every day for groceries, visiting family, and for school. I have my son at the daycare. My family lives there, it feels like we are in the same town,” Valdivia said. “I’m still in shock trying to imagine a wall here.”
Compared to other Far West Texas towns, Presidio’s community opposition has been relatively subdued, a tone that some attribute to fear around the current immigration landscape.
In April, the city of Presidio passed a resolution opposing construction of the border wall.
“We had a lady in the audience who did not speak English, and so we had the whole resolution in Spanish, because our Presidio community needs to get more engaged,” said Mayor Ferguson at a Presidio County Commissioners meeting in April. “I think they’re intimidated.”
Valdivia works alongside the No Big Bend Border Wall coalition and is also relying on the cross-border connection to spread awareness and reach out to the Spanish-speaking residents.
“We’re planning to do some radio commercials in Ojinaga,” Valdivia said. “We don’t listen to the Marfa radio here, because we mostly speak Spanish. So we listen to the radio in Ojinaga.”
“A lot of people are afraid of the government. They think they’re going to remove their green cards, or I don’t know how they think it’s going to affect them, but they’re truly scared,” said Valdivia.
For Mayor Ferguson, that fear has heightened his responsibility to the community.
“For those of us who have that authority and that representation, we need to come together immediately and fly into action and represent everybody here in the Big Bend,” Mayor Ferguson said.
Presidio resident Denisse Carrera said she hopes these voices in Presidio are heard across the state and country. With the scale of disruption only growing, Carrera said she often thinks about what’s at stake.
“I’ve been seeing the Milky Way every morning,” Carrera said. “And I just keep thinking why do they want to take this away?”
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